Flying-machine.



0. HILL. FLYING MACHINE;

I APPLLUATION .t'ILED MAR. 16, 1912. RENEWED APR. 11, 1913. 1,062,007.

Patented May 20, 1913.

7 O LL 0 U 1 Q U ui-0mm; L. 6;

UN TED ST oBEN HILL, 'or no a'rn, eeawieaswsamsama Application filed ltarch' 1c,1912; seria1-'no;-.es4,243. Renewed A ru 1, 191

which the following is a specification.

'Siiciiicatijdi a all 01mm; ma amt-em:

Be it known that- 'I,'OREN'HILI 21 citizen of the Umt'ed'States, residing atNorth Gonway, in the countyof Carrolla ndSt-ate of New Hampshire, have invented new and useful- Improvements in Flying-Machines, of

This invention relatesflto 'flyingmachines of the heavier-than-ainclass, and particularly to a. novel construction and mode of mounting the supporting surfaces of such I machines, whereby side drifter skidding and undue lateraltilting of themachine will be prevented.-v

The essential objector the invention is to f provide a supporting surface composed of .w ings. arranged on the right and left hand sides-pf the p free revoluble motion on a horizontal longirtudinall axis, and. 'eachconstructed topre-- 2o sent a. series-of planes disposedto operate machine and each mounted for asstability' fins and so relatively arranged that when any supporting plane of the series is subjected to excess pressure it will move and allow thepressure to escape without materially effecting the stability of the ma chinefwhile another plane is automatically moved into position to take its place. v A further objectof the invention is to provide a revoluble supporting wlng or surface which has its planes or vanes so arranged-as to constantly present horizontal andvertical surfaces tothe action ofthe wind to secure the desired results. The invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement. of parts, hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a perspective View showing the application of the invention to a-m'onoplane in which the supporting surface is made up of a pair of independently revolublewings. r Fig. 2 isa. sectional view showing the mode of mounting the wing. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the wing detached.

In the practical useof the invention, a single supporting surface composed of one or more revoluble wings may be employed, which may be duplicated in the adaptation of the invention'to a multiplane structure, provided with'two or more superposed surfaces, each composed of one or more revo;

i stylus- ACHIN "Y Iiettci's tudinal center of lublc wings. a

In the present instance, I have shown the application of the invention to a machine FICEr 1 Serial No. $0,568?

of the monoplane type which the supporting surface is made up of right and left hand revoluble wings, 1 designating the main frame or body of the machine, and 2 the revoluble wings thereof. 'The'wings 2 .are arranged on opposite sides of the longi- .the machine, each wing comprisinga shaft or axis 3 and a plurality or annular series of angularly related blades or vanes 4. The shaft 3 is arranged horizontally and extends parallel with the line of flight and is-journaled in suitable bearings 5 on the body 1. The vanes 4 are coextensive in size and made of suitable material and are preferably fixed to the shaft, so that the shaft and vanes will revolve as a. unit in unis son, but any suitable equivalent construction. as, for instance the mounting of the vanes to revolve 011 a stationary shaft or 7 axis, may be employed.

The vanes are preferably four in number, and arranged equidistantly at angles of 90' about the shaft. so that normally two of the vanes will stand vertically to operate as stability fins to prevent the machine frominaking lateral leeway, drifting or skidding, while the remaining vanes extend horizontally to act as sustaining surfaces.

If during the flight of the machine, either vane of either wing should be subjected to excess air pressure tending to tilt-the machine laterally on its longitudinal axis, such pressure will cause the vanes of the wing to turn as a unit and thus oppose a resistance to such tilting motion, while at the same time, the displacement of the sustaining vanes from their normal position will result simply in the adjustment of the stability vanes to take their place, the vanes simple interchanging positions. so as to constantly main-taiii an anti-skidding surface formed by two vertical vanes and a sustaining surface composed of the remaining vanes. By

thissneans, the pressure of sudden gusts or 106 volumes of airitending to disturb the lateralstability'of the machine will be dissipated through the revolution of the wings without to any material extent affecting the body of the machine, which through its weightvsilll 21 5 maintain. a normally balanced position.

It will of course be understood thatwhile the construction shown is preferred, the surface or surfaces employed may be provided with any suitable number of vanes, 1 0

and also mounted for revoluble movement in any suitable or preferred manner.

' Having thus described the invention, What right angles to the line of flight, and each I claim as new is V suriace embodying a plurality of angula'cly A flying machine including a mainframe, related vanes. upper and lower lateral extensions from the In testimony'whereof 1 aflix my signature is sides of the main frame, the extensions at in presence of witnesses.

each side being arranged in converging re- OREN lation, horizontal longitudinal shafts at the \Vitnesses: I

0 posite sides of. the main frame and car- NATHAN 1111313,

ried' by said extensions, and supporting sur- Mm vm CLASAN,

faces carried by the respective shafts, said ALTER D. H. HILL,

urfaces heingfreely revoluble in planes at JAMES G. HILL. 

